Vertical steam-pump.



K. DOUGAN.

VERTICAL $TEAM PUMP.

APPLECATION FILED IAN. I6, 190a.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET '1.

W/ TNESSES:

K. DOUGAN.

VERTICAL STEAM PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 16, 1909.

1,136,216]. Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

2 SEEETSBHEET 2.

b his AI'F r-nye KENNEDY DOUGAN, OF MINNEAPGLTS, ML'NNQSOTA.

OFFICE.

VERTICAL STEAM-PUI IR Application filed January 16, 1909.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, KENNEDY DOUGAN, a citizenof the United States, and resident of Minneapolis, in the county ofHennepin and State of Minnesota, .have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Vertical Steam-Pumps; and I do hereby'declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact de scription of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

The general object of this invention is to provide a direct actingvertical steam pump that will use steam expansively and have greaterefficiency than the best type of flywheel steam pump.

In the pump herein disclosed, the steam and Water pistons are thrown upby steam pressure and down by a heavy weight. The steam is automaticallycut off at the point required to carry the pistons to the end of theirstroke. At the beginning of said stroke and up to a point where theentire upward steam pressure on the piston drops until it only equalsthe resisting pressure of the weight the excess of energy in the steamcvlinder is utilized in giving velocity to said weight, which velocity,together with the decreasing steam pressure, causes the weight tocontinue upward until an equilibrium of forces bring it to rest. Thepistons start and stop slowly and acquire maximum velocity about midwayof the up stroke.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic verticalsection, partly in elevation, of a single acting steam pump embodyingthe invention, showing the pistons at the bottom of a normal stroke.Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken on line ab of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is an enlarged sectional detail view of parts of a regulating device.Fig. 4 is a detail view of the steam admission valve on line b of Fig.5. F ig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on line a-a of Fig. 4, butomitting the piston 9. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line 0 of Fig. 5showing the exhaust ports controlled by the pilot valve. Fig. 7 is adetail view of the pilot "alve detached. Fig. 8 is a side elevation ofthe pilot valve operating arm, spring, and one of the shifters, said armbeing partly raised by said shifter. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8of parts employed for actuating a steam exhaust valve. Fig. 10 is avertical section of said exhaust valve. Fig. 11 is a sectional detailview of check Valve 32.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

Serial No. 472,669.

1 indicates the water cy inder, having the induction valw CiHIIL -JQI' 2and the eductlOIl alve chaml er '3, with respective induction andeducticn pipes 4 and 5.

(3 indicites the sic; in cy nder, which is supported b uao' morestandards 7, 7', secured to its s dos.

in or d r To avo'd a stutlingbox on the steam end 0" tie C- il1(.l9l.the steam piston rod 8 exter. upv'a d through the upper eylinde he-r1wlere no stalling-box is required. lr evi ed to the pi ton rod .8 is aheavy yol 1) tl-at straddles the cylinder and extends ielow th bottomthereof. This yoke is seen: e l at its lower end, to a piston rod 11conne ted to the water 'piston. 12. Preferably Ll p st H1 rod is madevery heavy, as sho n. The raised positions of the pitoiis a e ndiated bydotted lines. For micn cit reception of additional eight or c ghts. therod 8 may be extxnled a or. tie i p of the yoke as shown at 1 An ext!weigh 14 is shown in position thereon The tlt ll l'fi hl nl p rt 56 ofcylinder 6, is coniroled y a piston valve 57, which is cont-oiled arocking pilotvalve 58. Valve 57 plays in a cylinder 80 inclosed by asteam ch st 1'53, which has a cylindrical portion 16 housing the pilotvalve 58. Piston valve 5)? has an. annular port 59 therein which isadapted to connect port 56 with a live steam port 60' which receivessteam through a space 61 from the steam main 45. From the two steamspaces 621 and 63: above and below the piston valve 57, two ports (3and. 65 lead to the pilot valve 58, as shown. il ietv een said ports, alive steam port (3 lends to valve 58, which contains a port 67, adaptedto admit steam to either end of valve 57 according to the position ofvalve 538. Branching from ports 64 and 65, respectively, are exhaustports 68 and (39, which meet the pilotv valve 58 in a different planethan the intake port 67, as best shown in Fig. Between ports 68 and 69,an exhaust port (0 meets valve 58 and opens into a discharge pipe 43.All the ports are so arranged that when either of the steam spaces 62 or63 is supplied with steam, the other of said spaces is connected With exhaust port '70 and pipe 43. The pilot valve which makes said connectionsdoes so by being turned through an arc oi'less than ninety degrees. Saidvalve has two stems, i1 and 72., on which are fixed a hand lover 18 anda notched disk 73, respectively. An arm 17 is loosely mounted on stem 72and has integral therewith a dog 74 which projects into a notch 75 indisk 73, said notch being wider-than said dog to permit lost motion ofarm 17 on the valve. stem. Said arm is yieldingly held in horizontallyextended position by a spring 76, whose expansion is limited by a bolt 77 having a spring-confining head 78. Said spring is held by a fixedlymounted cup 79, and the bolt 77 passes slidabiy through the bottom ofsaid cup.

The valve arm 17 is actuated alternately up and down by two valveshifters 19 and 20, carried by two vertical rods 21 and 23,respectively. Shifter 19, by descending, de

- presses said valve arm 17, thereby opening steam port 65 and causingthe piston valve 57 to rise and admit steam to cylinder 6.

V The other valve shifter 20, by ascending,

lifts valve arm 17, thereby causing valve 57 .to fall and cut off steamfrom cylinder 6. The working faces of said shifters 19 and 20 are bothelongated vertically, so that the valve arm 17 is not only turned bysaid parts' but is held in turned position during continued onwardmotion of the actuating and carrying rods 21 and 23.

The lost motion device above referred to operates in this way: Takingthe shifter 19 in the position in which it is shown on Fig. 1, its nextmovement will'be upward, and as it recedes from valve arm 17 said armwill be raised to a horizontal position by spring 76, but this motionwill not turn the valve 58, because the dog 74 will have space to turnin its notch 75. The valve arm 17 will then be in a position to bestruck and actuated by the ascending shifter 20, as clearly shown inFig. 8, this movement being transmitted to valve 58 through dog 74, disk73 and valve stem 72. WVhen shifter 20 descends and releases arm 17,said arm will drop, by its own weight, to horizontal position withoutshifting the valve, and will thereby be placed with its end in the pathof the descending shifter 19. The actuating rod 21 onv which shifter 19is mounted is secured either directly or indirectly to the yoke 10. Asshown, in Fig. 3, it is secured to a cylinder 22 that is carried by theyoke (Fig. 1). The valve-shifter 20 is mounted on a second rod 23,connected at its lower end to a piston 24 in cylinder 22, and at itsupper end to a head 25 in a smaller butlonger cylinder 26, whose lengthis greater than that of the stroke of the steam piston. The function ofthe cylinders 22, 26, pistons 24, 25, andof certain parts to bedescribed, is to automatically regulate the cutoff of the steamadmission valve, as follows: When ever the ratio between the steampressure and the weight increases, he pistons 24. 25 will be thrown upto a higher point than normal, that is, the upward stroke oithe pistonswill be of greater than normal length.

It is to be noted that the whole purpose of my invention, as expressedin the pump actuation by means of the gravity return of the weightedpiston and connected parts and the Variable cut-off controlled by themechanism above described, is to permit all of the steam at any timeadmitted to the steam cylinder to expand freely before exhaust, that is,to lift the weighted members just as far as is possible so that all ofthe available energy of the steam may be used in lifting the weight andsubsequently made to perform work as the weights descend and effect thepumping action. There is no fixed member to absolutely limit the stroke,which therefore must necessarily be variable, this variability of thestroke being necessary to accomplish the ends above stated. There is,however, a point in the stroke which it is aimed should be the normalupward limit of the stroke and that is at about the circumferential linepassing through the cencase, by reason of valve 32, the oil above piston25 will be trapped and forced through pipe 23 below piston 24. The areaof piston 24 being greater than piston 25, this will result in elevatingpiston 24 and with it the stop 20 carried on rod 23, thus causing thestop to engage the valve arm 17 and cut off steam at an earlier point inthe next upward or steam stroke. Through the medium of fluid pressureand rod 23, the cutoff will be automatically shortened as the rod 23 ismoved upwardly and the stop 20 engages the arm 17 and cuts off thesteam.

Rod 23 is hollow from end to end. Its lower end is closed by aspring-closed valve 27. In the bottom of cylinder 22 is a cock 28, whosefunction is to permit continuous slow leakage therethrough. Adjacent thesmall cylinder 26 is a vessel 29 containing valve 81 having a port 82therein.

from the top of the cylinder, an annular chamber 33 is provided, havinga drain pipe 34. The operation will be hereinafter described. I

The admission valve arm 17 is mounted with a lost motion device,assisted by a 5 ring, thepurpose of which device is simp y to place saidarm 17 in the path of the valve-opener 19 after the valve-closer 20 hasdisengaged itself by moving upward. This device is shown in detail andfully described in another application for improvements in steam aircompressor.

The exhaust port 36, indicated in dotted lines, communicates with theexhaust pipe 41. This port is controlled by a rocking Valve 81 isprovided with an arm 38 loosely mounted on the valve stem 83 andprovided with a dog'84 which projects into a notch 85 in a disk 86, saiddisk being keyed upon said stem. Said spring and lost motion device 84,85 have the same function for valve 81 as spring? 8 and device 74, 75have for the pilot valve 58. Spring 87 is set in a cup 88 and isrestrained by a slidable bolt 89. The exhaust valve 81 is alternatelyopened and closed by two valve shifters 39 and 40, each of which iscarried by the yoke 10 and has vertical adjustments thereon by means ofslots 90.

Below the piston the cylinder is enlarged and mounted therein is aninner, yieldable cylinder head 42. The space beneath head 42 isconnected by a pipe 13 (indicated in dotted lines) with the steam chest15 independently of any valve except the throttle valve 44. Water ofcondensation may be drained out through a cook 46. The movable head 42will be held up against the shoulder by steam pressure. The entrance ofthe pipe 43 is just below the bottom of the head 42, so that when thelatter is forced 'down it will first cut off communication compressedsteam pressure supports the weight of the reciprocating parts. In theupper part of the steam cylinder are air holes 47, that act as ventsduring the up stroke and as inlets during the down stroke, of-the pistonto prevent a vacuum or compression in the upper end of the cylinder.

The oil cylinder 26 is supported by projec- I tions 48 on the steamcylinder. The reciprocating rod 21 passes through a guide 49, shown ascast on the cylinder 26.

It is evident that the yoke 10 is not an essential part of a pumpembodying the invention, because if the steam and water pistons aredirectly connected by a weighted rod, the yoke will benimnecessary. Theyoke construction has the advantages of dispensing with a stuihng box onthe steam cylinder, and also the advantage due to its own weight.

Means for manually governing the speed of the pump are shown inconnection with the eduction valves v3', Fig. 1. The studs 50 arevertically adjustable stops to limit the opening of said valves. Thestuds are all secured to a plate 51, having a boss 52 'to which isrotatably connected a screw 53 that passes through a threaded part' filin which is a packing. On the screw is a hand-wheel 55. The closer thestops 50 are set to the valves the less the valves can open, and thegreater the resistance to the flow of water. Consequently, the rate atwhich the piston 12 descends will be governed by the adjustment of thevalve stops 50.

The operation of the entire apparatus is as follows, it being assumedthat the water cylinder below thepiston is full of water, as well as theeduction pipe 3. The operator screws down the valve stops 50 to allowthe valves a slight opening movement. He then throws rock-arm 17 out ofthe path of valve-shifter 20, by means of lever 18, then partially opensthe throttle 44. Steam slowly raises the piston 9. When said piston israised to a certain height the. we haust valve is opened by member 39engaging rock-arm 38, and the operator closes the admission valve. Thepiston descends by gravity at a rate depending on the extent to whichthe valves 3 can open. The admission valve is opened and closed manuallyuntil the cutoif-actuating rod 23 has assumed its proper position.Before starting the pump said rod 23 carrying the cut off element 20will be in its lowest position, due to continued leakage of oil from thebottom of the cylinder 22; thus the cutoff will be long that is steamwill be admitted for a longer period until the member 20 engages the arm17and cuts off the steam. The operator turns on sufficient steam todrive the piston above the normal stroke. The excess travel beyond thenormal causes the cylinder 22 and piston 24 with rod 23 and head 25 toexceed their normal movement. Until the head 25 reaches and covers theentrance to pipe 31, oil will be expelled through said pipe, but as soonas said entrance is covered by said head, oil will be forced backthrough the rod 23, past valve 27 into cylinder 22, much more quicklythan it can escape through the cock 28. Result, the piston 24 and rod 23are lifted, thereby shortening the cutoff by raising the valveshifter20. This pumping ofoil into cylinder 22 is continued until piston 24 andconnected parts are near the upper limit of their movement. Arm 17 isthrown back into the path of part 20, and the throttle 44 is then thrownwide open. Oil continuously leaks from cylinder 22, permitting the parts23 and 24 to descend by gravity; but when the cutoff is sufficientlylengthened the steam piston will again be thrown too far, During thedescent of the rod 23 caused by each down stroke of the steam piston,oil will be drawn into the cylinder 26 through pipes 30, 31 from vessels29. The air holes 47 in cylinder 6 are so located as to height that theywill be covered by the piston 9 at every abnormally long stroke thereof.Thus the air above the piston will by compression form a cushion for thepiston, preventing its ever striking the upper cylinder head. i

I claim:

- 1. A steam pump comprising a piston steam actuated in one directiononly, a weighted pump piston and connections therefrom to the steampiston through which said pump piston is lifted by the steam piston, thereturn forcing stroke being affected by gravity, valve mechanismcontrolling the steam inlet and cut-off, and means controlled by themovement of the steam piston for operating the valve mechanismto cut offsteam-at a point such that the steam admitted will fully expand inefi'ectingsaid lifting stroke.

2. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having avariable, stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weightedpump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return orforcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism, and governingmeans therefor controlled byvariations in the stroke of the pistoncorrespondingly to vary the cutofi' of steam from said cylinder.

3. A. steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having avariable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only,

a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, thereturn forcing stroke being efiected by gravity,valve mechanismcontrolling the steam inlet and cut-off, means movable with the steampiston to actuate the valve mechanism, and means controlled byvariations in the stroke to vary the posit on of said actuating meansrelatively to the steam piston.

4. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having avariablestroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weighted pumppiston onnected to and lifted by the steam piston, the return fore,- ingstroke being efi'ected by gravity, valve mechanism controliing .he steaminlet and cut-off, an arm for operating the valve, members movable withthe steam piston for retuating said arm to open and close the valve andsteam actuated in one direction only,

a weighted pump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, thereturn forcing stroke being eflected by gravity, valve mechanismcontrolling the steam inlet and cut'otf, an arm for operating the valve,rods movable with said steam piston provided with members for engagingand actuating said stop to open and close the valve successively, andmeans controlled by variations in the stroke to move the rod carryingthe closing member longitudinally relatively to the piston to vary thepoint in the stroke at which closingor cut-off will take place.

6. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having avariable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weightedpump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, the returnforcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism controllingthe steam inlet and cutoff, an arm foroperating the valve, a

- fixed cylinder exterior to the engine cylinder, a movable cylinderconnected to and movable with the steam piston, a tubular rod having amember thereon for engaging the valve arm to close the valve, said rodhaving a piston in the movable cylinder and a piston in the fixedcylinder and being moved with the engine piston through movement of themovable cylinder, and means controlled by variations in the strokeacting upon said rod pistons to vary the position of said rod and valveclosing member relatively to the steam piston.

I 7. A steam pump comprising a cylinder and piston therein having avariable stroke and steam actuated in one direction only, a weightedpump piston connected to and lifted by the steam piston, thevreturnforcing stroke being effected by gravity, valve mechanism controllingthe steam inlet and cut-off. an arm for operating the valve, a fixedcylinder exterior to the engine cylinder, a movable cylinder connectedto and movable with'the steam piston,- a tubular rod having a memberthereon for engaging the valve arm to close the valve, sai rod having apiston in the movable cylinder and a piston in the fixed cylinder andbeingthe tubular rod and valve thereon beneath the piston in the movablecylinder whereby said piston israiscd in said cylinder and the positionof the valve closing member relatively changed to cause cutoff earlierin the stroke.

8. In a vertical direct acting steam pump, comprising a steam cylinderprovided with an admission valve having a variable cutofi, a steampiston having a variable travel, a piston rod, a cylinder supported bythe piston rod and traveling therewith, a fixed cyhiider directly abovethe cylinder carried by the piston rod, and of an area less than that ofthe cylinder carried by the piston rod and of a length greater than-thatof the stroke of the steam piston, pistons in said cylinders, a tubularrod connecting said pistons and in communication with the cylin dersabove-and below its respective piston, a valve admitting liquid from thetubular member to the cylinder carried by the piston rod, a tankadjacent the upper cylinder, two pipes connecting said upper cylinderwith the tank and in communication with the cylinders one above theother, a valve carried by the upper pipe, the lower pipe closed by aslight upward movement of the piston, a stop carried by the tubular rod,a valve arm carried by the valve and in the ath of travel of said stop,substantially as s own and described.

, KENNEDY DOUGAN. Witnesses:

L. R. CLEMENT, JOHN MILLER.

